The labor shortage that has em-erged with the pandemic poses a major dilemma for the U.S. economy, and indeed, the global economy. Labor shortages gradually have increased but accelerated due to the pandemic. A 2014 report by Carnevale, Smith, and Strohl stated that total U.S. employment would increase to 165 million from 141 million in the 10 years from 2010-’20. The same report predicted the U.S. economy would fall short by 5 million post-secondary-educated workers by 2020. Demand also was expected to exceed the supply of employees at the lower end of the wage scale. For the period of 2019-’29 ...