The legal landscape and protections for LGBT individuals has changed drastically over the years. While many states have recognized same-sex marriages for years, the Supreme Court issued a landmark decision in 2015 that made same-sex marriage legal across the country. Meanwhile, in the employment arena, the big questions have hinged on the levels of anti-discrimination and anti-harassment protection that companies, legislatures, regulators and courts will provide.

For many years, companies—on their own initiative—have expanded their standard nondiscrimination policies to include a prohibition against sexual orientation discrimination and harassment, adding sexual orientation to the list of protected categories such as race ...